People's folk bonding at educational institutions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32405/2308-8885-2020-4(98)-50-56Keywords:
bonding, educational institutions, school, bonding circle, college of art, institution of higher art educationAbstract
The article deals with the art of bonding, its peculiarities as one of the types of decorative and applied arts, its origin and formation, and the regional differences of products in different regions of Ukraine. The terminology on this topic, the classification of bonding products, according to their purpose, the features of their decoration are presented. On the basis of generalization of sources from different branches of knowledge, the genesis of the development of bonding in Ukraine is determined. The bonding centers of Ivano-Frankivsk, Chernivtsi, Transcarpathian and Lviv regions and the main factors of their foundation were identified. The common features of Ukrainian style with Romanian, Polish and Slovak bonding, the cooperation and differences in the ornamentation of the products of these regions are outlined. The attention is paid to the oldest traditional creative process of decorating the products of bonding by firing, its methods - pyrography, pyrotype, burning with acid, friction.
The experience of the bonding masters in preparing the necessary materials and tools, the stages of the technological process and safety has been systematized. The ornamentation, shaping, constructive interdependence of cooper ware are described.
The realization of the training of bonding specialists in the system of educational institutions of Ukraine is analyzed.The institutions of vocational, technical higher and higher education of Ukraine are systematized, on the basis of which it is possible to master this kind of decorative and applied arts.
From the pedagogical experience of the authors, the system of work on teaching of bonding on the basis of a comprehensive school (circle), college, higher education institution is presented.The forms and methods of pupils 'and students' ability to produce bonding articles are disclosed. The process of creation of bonding articles on the example of the manufacture of a spoon barrel and its firing is described. The samples of products, created in different educational establishments, which testify to the dynamics of professional development of students, are given.
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