Ukrainian Plakhta: Artistic and Pedagogical Aspects

Abstract

The article is devoted to the problem of studying one of the components of the Ukrainian folk costume – plakhta – at fine art lessons in 5-7th grades. Plakhta is a festive waistcoat of girls and women of central Ukraine. It combines art of patterned weaving, fashion and decorative design, symbolizing the spiritual culture of Ukrainian people, ancient traditions, rituals, and customs.

Studying plakhta allows to percept this type of folk art, to promote formation of schoolchildren’s aesthetic and artistic experience, to stimulate creativity and respect national traditions. To this purpose, the author proposes different variants of the tasks on the topic “Ukrainian Plakhta”, themes of teacher’s artistic stories, tasks for performing during and after excursions, themes of collective work and creative tasks, a list of didactic games. According to types, goals and tasks of each lesson, methods and techniques are the following: story, story-explanation, conversation, story-addition, display of the originals of traditional folk – plakhta, commentary when observing plakhta, watching photographs, reproductions of paintings, albums from decorative and applied art, slides, video materials, video master classes, using poetic words, musical works, educational exercises, organization of students’ independent creative activity and collective performance for work, discussion of works, temporary exhibitions that will help teacher to familiarize students of secondary school with artistic peculiarity, aesthetic and functional perfection of the Ukrainian plakhta.